正文 第十七章 分析问题(第1页/共2页)
孔府的家处理完了，朱由校终于又偷得了几日清闲；朝中并没什么要紧的政务，大多都是交由内阁处理，随后他只要御笔朱批签个名就行了。这几日，他一直都在教导弟弟朱由检，陪伴妻子张嫣，还邀请在京的两位叔叔参加家宴，享受着平凡人家的亲情。
天启元年九月四日，贞皇帝葬于庆陵。说实话，他的便宜老爹朱常洛死的太早了，只作了一月天子，泰昌年（1620年）只能被视作万历时代的延续，旧时代彻底走进了坟墓，天启时代开始了。
庆陵原为景泰帝朱祁钰为自己修建的陵墓，英宗复辟后被废弃。由于明光宗朱常洛死的突然，加之国库空虚，神宗尚未下葬，更无暇来为光宗建陵，只得将朱祁钰的陵被重新改建。
不过即便如此，当朱由校看到庆陵的财政预算时，心里还是“戈登”一下，停了半拍。
“永寿，叫户部太仓库、兵部常盈库还有工部节慎库的人把财政收支表带过来。”朱由校坐在桌前，用手按摩这太阳穴。妈耶，果然当家就明白柴米贵了呀。
虽然室内的烛火很亮，九月虽已入秋但天气依然炎热，但朱由校手里拿着财政报表，却只觉得天昏地暗、心里也是越来越凉。目前的情况怎么说呢？财政收支“极其平衡”，随时都处于赤字边缘。中央与地方财政收支严重失衡。明代的财政问题十分严重，财政崩溃是大明灭亡的最重要的间接原因之一，但当朱由校亲自阅读数据（甚至是粉饰过的数据），发现情况比自己想象的还要糟时，他还是有些崩溃的。
“皇爷，您没事吧。”司礼监掌印太监王安看见朱由校的脸色越来越黑，有些担心。
“无妨，让王大伴担心了。其他人都退下吧，内相留下帮我。”
内相指的就是王安，‘凡内官司礼监掌印，权如外廷元辅’，所以又有‘内相’之称。其他看到这番情景，也明白皇帝是真的怒了，他们此时也不敢触他的霉头，马上退了出去。看来朝堂平静不了。
“王大伴，还请为朕解惑。”朱由校还年轻，刚登基不久，朝廷上还有许多陈规陋习、‘约定俗成’尚不了解，需要王安这样忠心、有才干、对朝中事物了如指掌的老内官帮忙。以前总是认为财政改革可以缓缓，看来自己错了。他需要快点厘清弊病，并且对症下药，大明需要一味猛药。
大明的财政问题是多方面的：
洪武帝确定了税收定额制度。后来虽也有小的调整，但基本定额没有被摈弃。于是不管耕地增加多少，人口上升几何，生产力如何进步，明代农业赋税始终就维持在这个水平左右。此外，商业税不断降低甚至在一些地方接近取消。商税在整个明代始终都处于名存实亡的状态。
但是农业税和商业说是相当不好解决的，问题暂时没有
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