正文 11陈胜、吴广败亡(第1页/共3页)
却说荥阳是通向关中的重要通道，自古以来就是兵家必争之地。附近还有秦囤积大量粮食的敖仓。拿下荥阳，就打开了通向关中的门户。再取敖仓，既可切断秦军粮草供应，同时也解决了起义军的军需问题。陈胜派重兵攻取荥阳的战略意图非常明确。当吴广攻取荥阳受挫的消息传回陈县，陈胜十分着急，为确保战略意图的实现，即另派周文为将军率兵西击秦，利用吴广大军牵制秦军主力的条件，绕过荥阳直取函谷关。
秦二世自从杀戮大臣及诸公子之后，以为天下无事，日常在宫取乐，不问外事。一日有谒者奉使由东方回京复命，奏称“戍卒陈胜杀死将官，兴兵造反已据陈县，请旨发落。”二世平日最忌“反”字，闻奏大怒，说是造谣，立命将谒者下狱治罪。
二世到底放心不下。便又召集一班博士、儒生问道：“近闻楚地戍卒攻蕲入陈，诸君意思以为如何？”有博士、儒生三十余人进前对道：“此是造反，该当死罪！愿陛下速发兵击之。”二世见诸人又说造反，口中未曾答话，面上已现怒容。
旁有待诏叔孙通看见二世颜色，晓得众人所言触其忌讳，便向前说道：“诸生所说都非实情。现在天下一家明君在上，法令完备人人奉职，安敢有人造反！此等不过群盗，该郡守尉自能捕获治罪，何足挂虑！”二世闻说大喜道：“此论甚善！”又将诸生逐人问过。或言是反；或言是盗。二世遂命御史一一验明。凡言反者都下狱究办，言盗者一律罢归。独赐叔孙通帛二十匹，衣一袭，拜为博士。
叔孙通谢恩回家，被罢归的一班诸生对他说道：“先生说话何以如此阿谀？”叔孙通答道：“如我不巧言掩饰，也难免落于虎口！如今此地住不得了。”说罢便弃官逃归薛地去了。
二世自听叔孙通之言后心中稍安。过了几时又有使者由东方来，二世又问他：“外间如何？”使者知道直言必然得罪，遂假说道：“外间虽有群盗，守尉正在追拿。现已全数捕获，陛下无庸忧虑！”二世大喜，依旧恣意游乐置之不理。一班朝臣见二世如此忌讳，再无人敢将外间乱事报闻。
直到二世二年冬十月，有探子报告：“周文领兵数十万直至戏地。”群臣见敌兵已近，难再隐瞒，方行奏知。二世听后不觉大惊！赶紧召集朝臣会议。大家面面相觑，正在无法可想，旁有少府章邯出班奏道：“现在贼势已迫，要发近县之兵恐来不及。只有骊山犯罪作工之人甚多，望陛下尽赦其罪，给与兵器前往攻击。”二世准奏，下诏大赦天下。即命章邯为将军，将骊山役徒编成军队带往抵敌。
却说楚兵虽多，大抵乌合之众，未经训练。加之兵器不足，一路上未逢大敌，所以不至挫败。此番遇着章邯所领十余万兵士，他们都是犯人出身，喜得遇赦，便拼命前进。兼以兵器犀利，所以周文连战连败，一直退到曹阳地方驻扎。章邯追至，周文又复大败。走到渑池，周文见势穷力竭，拔剑自刎而死。兵士无主四处溃散。二世听说章邯战胜，又派长史司马欣、董翳与章邯一起进击群盗去了。
章邯引兵东行，径向荥阳进发。荥阳被楚假王吴广所围，数月未下。周文战死与章邯进兵的消息陆续传来，吴广没有他法，仍然屯兵城下。部将田臧、李归等私下谋议道：“周文军已溃败，秦兵旦暮且至，我军围攻荥阳至今未克，若再不知变计，恐秦兵一到内外夹攻，如何支持！现不若少留军队牵制荥阳，精锐前驱往御秦军，与决一战免致坐困。今假王骄不知兵难与计议，看来只有除去他方好行事。”于是决计图广，捏造陈王命令，直至吴广前。吴广下座接令，只听得田臧厉声道：“陈王有谕，假王吴广逗留荥阳，暗蓄异谋应当处死！”说到死字，不待吴广开口，便拔出佩刀向广砍去。吴广赤手空拳怎能抵御，况又未曾提防，眼见得身受刀伤不能动弹。李归又抢上一步，剁下一刀自然毙命。随即枭了吴广首级出示大众，还说是奉命诛广与众无干。大众统被瞒过，无复异言。
田臧刁猾得很，即缮就一篇呈文，诬吴广如何顿兵，如何谋变，说得活灵活现，竟派人持吴广首级与呈文并达陈王。陈胜与吴广同谋起
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