正文 6焚书坑儒(第1页/共3页)
却说秦始皇自博浪沙受惊回京，一连三年都未远出。但始皇生性好动，不肯安居宫中，便时常微服出游。又因前回博浪沙之事，常恐遭人暗算，遂挑选精壮武士四人怀着兵器，随侍左右保护。
秦始皇三十四年，天下无事。一日始皇在咸阳宫中排下筵宴，大会群臣。博士七十人亦在其列，随例向前举杯献酒。始皇正在开怀畅饮，旁有仆射周青臣上前奏道：“往时各国并立，秦地不过千里。托赖陛下神圣统一天下，设立郡县驱逐蛮夷，人民得以安生乐业，永无战斗之患。国祚久远传于万世，陛下功德巍巍，自古帝王皆不能及也。”始皇听此一片谀词，语语正合其意，不觉大悦。谁知却恼了一位博士。
其人复姓淳于，名越，系齐国人。见周青臣极口奉承始皇，忍耐不住便发言道：“臣闻殷、周两朝所以能传国久远者，皆由大封子弟功臣得其辅助之故。今陛下富有四海，而子弟无尺寸之地，假使将来奸臣专政，并无亲藩保卫皇室，其势甚危！大凡作事不学古人，断难长久。！”秦始皇闻言自然不快，但面上仍不发作，却问群臣意见如何？此时李斯已由廷尉升为丞相，听了淳于越之言出席奏道：“博士所言犹是战国习气。只因战国时代诸侯厚待游学之士，所以百家并起，各夸学问，讥刺时政，毁谤君上，实属目无法纪。此种恶习若不严行革除，必至号令不行是非倒置，为害甚大！臣之愚见，请将一切史书非记秦事者，全部烧毁，民间所藏诗书及诸子百家书籍也一律烧毁。此后人民有敢谈起诗书者，即行正法。如敢引证古典讥笑时政，诛及三簇。似此办法方可尊重朝廷，屏除浮议。”
始皇暗想：“此法甚好，不但可绝许多谤言，且与自己愚民政策相合。”遂下诏依议办理。于是民间所有古书尽付一炬。
光阴迅速，又过一年。始皇求仙心切，按捺不住。遂起驾东游碣石，使燕人卢生入海，寻求仙人踪迹。自己复往北边游行一番。
卢生奉命前往，心想：“大海中一片汪洋，何处有仙人踪迹？但若空手回报，重则贬官罚罪，轻则失宠见疏，如何是好？”左思右想，正在为难之际，忽然思得一计，便乘船向海中空走一回。却暗地写成一书回奏始皇道：“仙人虽未遇得，已将仙书私下抄来。”说罢将书呈上。始皇披阅书中言语，大抵是虚无缥渺之谈。惟其中有一语道：“亡秦者，胡也！”始皇读到此处暗吃一惊！心想：“胡是匈奴别号，现在国内一统，人民无力造反，内乱可保无虞。将来与我子孙为敌者，定是胡人。不如趁此时将他逐出塞外，就中外交界地方筑起一座城墙，遣兵把守方免后患。”始皇想罢，即命蒙恬带兵三十万人，往伐匈奴去了。
说起匈奴人种，相传为夏氏苗裔，常居中国西北一带地方。其人以牧畜为生，所居之处张设毡帐，并无城郭房屋，也无文字。其人自少学习射猎，无事时牧养兽畜，有事时皆出当兵。战胜则奋勇轻进，战败便四散逃走，各不相顾。其俗重少轻老，精美饮食皆让少年人享用，若有剩余方给老者。凡父死，则儿子娶其后母为妻。兄弟死，亦各娶其妻，其野蛮如此。
此次蒙恬奉始皇命令，带领三十万人马，浩浩荡荡杀将北去。匈奴出其不意，未及防备，望风逃循。蒙恬遂收河南地，分为四十四县，将内地犯人移往居住。再将从前燕、赵、秦三国所筑长城首尾联络起来。西自临洮，东至辽东，共长万余里。
蒙恬一面筑城，一面又率兵北渡黄河，取阴山地。自己常驻上郡指挥调度。
秦始皇削平六国之时，每破一国，即命画工将其宫室绘成图样，就咸阳北坂上照样建筑。南临渭水，西自雍门，东至径、渭二水合流之处，一路楼阁连绵，复道贯通。又将所掳各国妃嫔、子女、宝器、珍玩安置其中。
当时宫殿不为不多。除咸阳正宫外，所有离宫，在关内者三百
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