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零点看书吧 > 穿越小说 > 大明第一莽夫 > 正文 第421章 解放与同化

正文 第421章 解放与同化(第3页/共3页)

; “你们知道草原的阶级分化吗?”

众人一愣,当场懵逼。

阶级分化?

这是什么意思?

“正如我大明有士农工商的阶级分化一样,蒙古部落自然也有阶级分化。”

“蒙古部落里面按照地位,大致可分为贵族、平民和奴隶这三部分,当年成吉思汗打破传统氏族部落的传统组织结构,建立行政、军事和生产组织相结合的统一体制——千户制。”

“千户之上,有万户,其下复有百户、十户,分别由万户长、千户长、百户长和十户长统辖,这些户的长官大都由原部落首领、贵族充当……”

这些,众人还是知道的。

不得不承认,成吉思汗当真是一代天骄。

他利用千户制,将整个草原层层掌控,命令所到之处,无人胆敢不从。

在这千户体制下,蒙古所有青壮年男子皆为战士,编入军队,自备马匹和兵器,由千户长、百户长率领,随时听命出征。

并且他把居民固定在指定的十户、百户和千户以内,就是要保证千户制的完整性,保证必要的兵源和税源,使得蒙古所有成年男子都能“上马则备战斗,下马则屯聚牧养”,与太祖爷朱元璋创立的卫所制度有异曲同工之妙。

但成吉思汗唯一做错的地方,在于他亲手培养出了一批以成吉思汗为首的皇室宗族即“黄金家族”的最高统治集团,和各级那颜贵族构成的封建大领主。

成吉思汗把编成千户的蒙古民众连同管辖千户的各级那颜当作家产,分配给自己诸子、诸弟等宗室成员。

按着家产分配的惯例,他的诸子、诸弟又把分给他们的平民和各级那颜,再分配给自己的亲族或部属。

各级那颜对于大汗和大汗的宗亲处于绝对从属的地位,但对蒙古民众来说他们却又是统治者。

他们接受大汗或其宗亲的封赏,成为领主,并且获得世袭权力。

他们在辖区内有分配牧场、征收赋税、摊派徭役、统率军队等等权力。

他们渐渐地,也就成了替黄金家族管理蒙古帝国的中坚力量。

但是,等到黄金家族衰亡,这些异姓贵族大领主却成了蒙古帝国的掘墓人。

如阿鲁台不是黄金家族成员,却打着“挟天子以令诸侯”的如意算盘,拥立黄金家族成员鬼力赤为蒙古大汗,试图通过这个傀儡大汗掌控整个草原。

这之后就是达延汗巴图孟克了,这个大蒙古的中兴之主,通过不断征战厮杀,终于将蒙古再次统一,可他紧接着就想铲除所有异姓大领主,恢复黄金家族的神圣统治地位,结果引发了蒙古右翼的叛乱!

“我们的目标,就在于解放与同化蒙古平民!”

(本章完) 『加入书签,方便阅读』

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