正文 010 经筵(第1页/共3页)
文华殿,永乐年间由于三大殿失火,临时做为皇帝上朝时的休息场所,待三大殿修复之后改成了太子摄政所在。它的屋顶和慈庆宫一样改用绿色琉璃瓦,嘉靖在位时又成了皇帝经筵所在,琉璃瓦再次换成了黄色。
现在万历朝的第一位太子正式册封了,年至弱冠却未曾启蒙,不管皇帝乐意不乐意,朝臣们依照祖制抓紧时间为太子补课,于是文华殿就成了太子经筵之地。
经筵,据说始于汉朝,后为各朝效仿。它的本意是给皇帝讲课,属于在职教育,就像后世某些老总、领导们一边上班一边去长江学院或者党校进修。
只不过经筵的学生只有皇帝一个,老师倒是一大堆,且质量非常高,不是宰相就是首辅,最次也得是名望很高的学术权威。
同样的,老总领导们日理万机,不可能整天听课,经筵也不是每天都有,一般啥时候皇帝有闲工夫了啥时候就开讲。
问题是天底下就没有几个发自内心爱学习的皇帝,有闲工夫去后宫陪陪嫔妃多好,谁也不乐意听一群老头子叽叽歪歪、指桑骂槐。
结果到了明朝,这个进修班成了类似祭祖的仪式,用来向外人彰显皇帝有多勤奋刻苦学习,基本流于了形式,并有了固定时间,每月逢二举行,曰大经筵。
有大就应该有小,除了给皇帝进修的大经筵之外还有种小经筵。听名字就知道,这种活动肯定不是给皇帝准备的,但有资格在紫禁城里听课,且能和皇帝相提并论的应该只有一个人,太子!
没错,在太子大婚的同时,朝臣们轮番上奏,逼着万历皇帝答应开了小经筵。他们可能是好意,却苦了太子,这有点像父母,总之是为了你好,做为儿女,无论乐意不乐意都得接着。
新婚第二天,洪涛就不得不在天蒙蒙亮时起床,抛开新娘子、穿好九缝皮弁服、坐上步辇,按时赶到文华门外参加自己的入学典礼。
文华殿不是一座建筑,而是个建筑群。前后两个院子,正门朝南曰文华门。前院有文华、主敬两座大殿,东西有本仁、集义两座偏殿。穿过主敬殿再向北就到了文渊阁,此地乃皇家图书馆。
这么设计倒是挺方便授课的,如果教授的内容有争议,大学士们也不用和学生抬杠,到图书馆里翻翻资料,一般来讲就能找到正确答案了。
和一路上王安所讲的小经筵盛况不同,文华门外既没有朝廷勋贵也没有六部尚书,连基本的展书、侍仪、供事、赞礼官也不见踪影,只有四个小宦官和一顶小轿。
“千岁爷,是首辅沈阁老……”见到此情此景王安有些诧异,更多的还是尴尬。很显然,皇帝一点都不重视太子的教育问题,甚至不打算假惺惺的搞个排场掩饰。
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