正文 第一百零三章 夏利穹的见识（五）(第1页/共3页)
以上可见，苗医的形成，和蛊术有着一定的相似之处，治疗方法中，也不乏可以看见解蛊的一些常用方法，在夏利穹的介绍中，苗医的用药特点，更能体现它与蛊术的关系！
苗医用药多是植物药、动物药及少量矿物药。药的特征归纳起来有热、冷和不热不冷三种；热药可治冷病，冷药可治热病，和药可补体质、治亏损病。药物的“结构素质”决定药力及药性：“质粘者易消化，补气力，清头脑；质糯者难消化，强筋生血，易伤肚；质沙者好吃，补血肉，和血脉，较难消化，容易产生多屁；质面者糊口，补肉补气，利关节，较易消化，多食令人胃弱......”。
苗药对采制有一定要求。植物药在有效成分富足时采集。如根类药宜在植株茂盛至翌年抽苗前采集，茎叶宜在生长旺期，花类宜在待放时，果实在初熟间，芽力求娇嫩鲜美，皮类以浆汁富足为好，鱼、虾、虫、兽要辨别真假，腐败者不能入药；矿物、金属宜剔净杂质。药物制作包括一般加工、炮制、提炼、合成及剂型改革等。
苗医用药配方有两个法则，配单不配双及三位一体。配单不配双，就是只用1，3，5，7，9之类成单的药物种数配方，而不用2，4，6，8之类成双的药物种数配方。三位一体，就是领头药、铺底药、监护药三类药物共组成方。领头药，是针对病情起主要作用的药；铺底药，是对领头药有相资作用或对身体有补益作用的药；监护药，是缓解领头药、铺底药的劣性和毒副作用，督促共达病所的药。这三类功用药与别的药物共配成方，形成三位一体，才能发挥药物的良好疗效。因此，在选药配方时，在选药上、用药分量上、制作方法上以及服药方式、禁忌事项等方面，都要注意发扬事物之间的良性关系，达到最佳的治疗效果。
传说苗族医药学起源于母系氏族社会。湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州花垣县有个祖传八代的著名苗医大师，名叫龙玉六，他在生前根据对小时师父画像的回忆，复制了一张“喔登嘎像”，他用汉话解释为“母药王像”。其画像是一个古老时代的女人，皮肤有毛，上身裸露，下穿树叶，垂乳，赤脚，手持医具，充分表现了为子孙后代祛病保身的慈母之心，也表现了苗族人对本民族医药学渊源的追溯之意。用社会发展的眼光来看，苗族的母系氏族早于父系氏族一两千年。在这漫长的年代里，由于母亲对子女后代的病痛伤损问题思想负担最重，当然她们就会首先研究医药，并会有所发现、发明、发展和更新，这是苗族医药学发源的必然规律。
苗医认为他们的始祖是喔爸嘎（意为公药王或药王爷爷），能飞行于山谷之间“岔芮岔嘎”，口尝百草等，与“神农尝百草以制医药”类同，也与《山海经》记载的“十巫”采药为医同意。西汉刘向在《说菀》中所说的“古之为医者曰苗父”的“为医者”，是讲以行医为主要职业的人；“苗父”，则是指苗族中有较高医药学术水平的苗族老人，如“公药王”、“药王爷爷”、“巫彭”及“十巫”之类著名的苗医始祖。而“苗
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