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零点看书吧 > 网游小说 > 在深渊里仰望星空:魏晋名士的卑微与骄傲 > 正文 曹操 取暖靠抖的时候,也要敲着空碗唱歌

正文 曹操 取暖靠抖的时候,也要敲着空碗唱歌(第3页/共3页)



呦呦鹿鸣,食野之苹。

我有嘉宾,鼓瑟吹笙。

明明如月,何时可掇?

忧从中来,不可断绝。

越陌度阡,枉用相存。

契阔谈讌,心念旧恩。

月明星稀,乌鹊南飞。

绕树三匝,何枝可依?

山不厌高,海不厌深。

周公吐哺,天下归心。

讲鹿鸣,讲宴谈,最后讲“归心”——人家《诗经》是为了写“情郎呀,快回我的信”,可他写的是“想干番事业的人,难道不该来找我?”用情诗来招聘,写得这么强硬却让人喜欢,这是最鲜明的“曹操风格”的诗篇。

但是曹操好像也没有很在乎要以诗人的形象为后人所知。以他性格中的“强硬”,但凡他下决心专心做点什么,都能有成就。他钻研兵法,便有了最早的《孙子》注。曹操爱喝酒,就有后来谈起喝酒,就要提到的“何以解忧,唯有杜康”;他把家乡一种“九酝春酒”的方子写出来,献给了汉献帝刘协,于是便有了日后的“古井贡酒”。他好读书,也督促孩子们读书,以至于很多年后他的儿子曹丕还记得他在军旅途中,也手不释卷。他铸造宝剑,却以哪个儿子爱读书作为赠送的标准。他接纳天下最杰出的文人,哪怕人家刚写檄文把他骂得狗血淋头。蔡邕比他大二十多岁,他还是无名小卒的时候,蔡邕便是知名天下的大才子。两人同是乔玄(大小乔的父亲)的朋友,点个头的交情(曹丕只能以关系很铁却不常来往的“管鲍之交”来粉饰)。可等他得势了,还想着要把蔡邕的女儿蔡文姬从匈奴那儿用黄金玉璧换回来,算是他对蔡邕的交代。

陈琳曾经替袁绍写讨伐曹操的檄文,骂他是“赘阉遗丑,本无懿德,僄狡锋协,好乱乐祸”,总之,猥琐得不得了。但正相反,名门后代耿耿于怀、斤斤计较的,在曹操这里不值一提。他不耐烦计较这些。多响亮的家世名声也不妨碍他在心里品评一番,有时候更暗地里鄙夷一下。三十五岁的时候,朝廷置“西园八校尉”,曹操跟袁绍都在其中。袁绍出身汝南大族,家里四代出了五个国家最高级领导人,这金灿灿的出身,把曹操一比,只留下局促。但曹操却丝毫不气短。后来袁绍与曹操一道起兵勤王,袁绍得到一块象征皇权的玉玺,认为是自己得势的吉兆,碰碰坐在他边上曹操的胳膊,显摆给他看。曹操笑笑,心里却不齿袁绍的目光短浅。袁绍后来听说孔融在曹操麾下,专门写信给他,让他赶紧找个理由把孔融杀掉,因为自己从前跟孔融互相看不顺眼,曹操又笑笑,拒绝了。等当年羞辱过他的宗世林落到了他的手上,曹操却笑问,先生现在可愿意跟我交往了?而后厚礼善待了之。建安初年,曹操迎了汉献帝去许都,袁绍命令曹操把皇帝迁到鄄城去,曹操拒绝。袁绍大怒,恨恨骂道,曹操早该死了,没有我救他,他还有今天!但建安九年,曹操打败袁绍的儿子们,占据了邺城,专门跑到袁绍墓前祭祀,又赐给袁绍妻儿老小财物。

他铸造铜雀台,原是为了军事,后来人却觉得一定是为了收藏美女,似乎一定需要一个不寻常的场所与许多美人,才算是合格的“英雄图腾”。崇拜他的后人江淹顺着这思路,在《铜爵妓》中写了曹操去世之后,美女的怀恋——清夜何湛湛,孤烛映兰幕。抚影怆无从,惟怀忧不薄。

整个魏晋南北朝文化人追求的“风流”,是风度与骨气,是文能倚马赋诗,武能定国安邦,出门不受气,在家爱干吗干吗。这些,曹操都做到了。

说起来,也是不亦快哉。 『加入书签,方便阅读』

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