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正文 第十章 多收四五斗(第2页/共3页)

; 对永嘉王朝的农民来说,除了要缴纳田税以外,还需要轮派徭役和劳役,按户出人丁,也可以银代役;单丁可免除军役,每年出役的情况都不一样,皆由里正统一安排。

对于无地的佃农来说,他们往往只能拿到田地三分之二的收成,三分之一则要交给主家,且要承担所佃地的田税以及自身的轮派徭役和劳役。

庄户人家一年的生活全赖于田地的出息,所幸没有其他苛捐杂税,总体来说,底层人民的负担不算太重。

稻谷在成为大米之前还得先脱壳。

闻家村有打米磨坊,这是村里几家大户和城里的张家米店合伙开的,磨坊主要是给几家大户出产的稻谷脱壳,并且也会收购周围十里八乡的稻谷。

这磨坊的资本大头就是城里的张家,而张家在闻家村就有四十多亩地,都交给佃农耕种。

地主家的稻谷都送到这里脱壳,还有一些土地稍多的富农、人口极少的中农,比如闻香他们家,也会把稻谷送到磨坊进行脱壳,磨坊则收取一定费用。

至于一般的穷苦村民是不舍得花钱去磨坊脱壳的,都是在自家用石磨或者石臼自行磨米、舂米。

闻香跟着大哥去磨坊脱壳的时候,看到过打米的工具,和以前村里用的差不多。

这是一个类似风车的工具,稻谷从顶部锥形口放进去,有专人负责摇边上的把柄,呼啦几下,稻谷的米就从出口掉进预先放置的箩筐内,稻谷的壳则从边上散出去。

说实话,虽然磨坊打米是半人工半机械的作业,但是比起完全靠人力舂米来说,真是好太多。

闻香家收获的十二石稻谷,除了交官府的三十二升,大部分都以谷物的形式用瓮或者瓦罐储藏起来,每月固定拿五六斗去脱壳充足口粮,磨坊只收取费用五文钱。

村里副食比较少,大部分只能靠主食充饥,每月五六斗大米对青壮劳动力来说根本不够吃,但闻香主食吃得少、爱吃青菜,且一半时间吃粥一半时间吃米饭的,日子也能凑合过。

农民一年到头得闲暇的时间不算多,忙完税收的事情,就要开始准备下半年的种植。

因为土地肥力的缘故,这里只种植一季稻谷,下半年一般种植大豆、毛豆、花生什么的。

去年,官府开始推广种植番薯、洋芋、玉蜀,但还没有胆敢吃螃蟹的人:官府说种你就种啊?这老实人被坑也不是一次两次了。

闻家村惯例是种植豆类和花生,新的作物大家是不敢轻易尝试的。闻香却不怕,这个番薯嘛,容易种植又高产,当然是种了。

只是洋芋和玉蜀不知道是哪 『加入书签,方便阅读』
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