正文 第七十七章 试机(第2页/共3页)
钱了吗?”
经过赵福祥的好心提醒,这些徒弟才想起来这才是财神爷,赶紧又拿了一把椅子让赵福祥坐下,同时茶水毛巾也都奉上,这才让赵福祥满意的点点头。
留在锅炉边上的工人看到指示,开始加大火力,很快锅炉就开始沸腾。赵志宽设计的锅炉最大承受压力为三个大气压,也就是一平方厘米要承受3.1008公斤的压力。这个圆球锅炉直径为3米,经过公式计算,锅炉的表面积为28.2743平方米,也就是282743平方厘米,在乘以每平方厘米受到的压力,最后这个锅炉要承受876729.494公斤的压力。
当然因为锅炉底部有水的关系,在加上锅炉并不是完美的圆型,所以肯定有一定误差,但经过赵志宽估计这个锅炉也要承受500吨左右的压力。
锅炉达到压力后,最上面的泄压阀启动,含有三个大气压的高温蒸汽从锅炉上部的管道倾泻而出,沿着曲折的木质管道进入蒸气室中。
管道与汽轮机外壳连接处被设计成长方形,这样可以使蒸汽在加速,高温高压高速的蒸汽从管道中冲了出来,直面的就是第一组动轮叶片,在高速蒸汽的推动下,动轮慢慢开始转动,同时也带动整个铁质轴承开始转动。
这时蒸汽冲过第一组动轮后,方向发生了变化,但在第二组定轮静片的约束下,形成三十度的夹角吹向第三组动轮,在蒸汽的双加持下,整个汽轮叶片越转越快,带动的轴承也越转越快,随着速度的增加,最外层的动轮叶尖超过了超音速,刺耳的响声越来大,外面的工人搞不清出了什么事,马上逃离了蒸气室。
赵志宽本人是电气工程师,根本不是汽轮机工程师,他虽然在电厂看到过汽轮机的内部结构,也能照猫画虎复制出汽轮机,但汽轮机中最核心的叶片却无法复制。
后世汽轮机为了解决叶片高速旋转带来的超音速问题,都要将叶片制成一定的角度,同时叶尖还要制成特殊的楔形,这才能避免音爆问题。当然如果是简单的音爆问题到还不大,毕竟明代也没有环保局,不会为了你制造噪音找上门来开罚单。真正让汽轮机工程师挠头的是叶片超音速后产生的颤动,这才是核心问题。
如果不解决叶片的颤动问题,那随着速度越来快,早晚会超过叶片材料的承受能力,到时候就会发生叶片断裂,整个汽轮机也就报废了。
赵志宽这个二把刀对其他问题解决的都挺好,管道漏气问题并不严重,不影响使用,但偏在叶片上出了问题。木质的叶片韧性十分优良,但也架不住超音速旋转,所以很快叶尖部被强大的力量扯成碎片,大量的碎片甩的四处都是,将其他完好的叶片也打的稀碎,一些大的碎片卡在了轴承里,生铁制的轴承发出一阵刺耳的声音,也停止了转动。
叶片停止转动,高压蒸汽无处发泄,在汽轮机内部累计压力,很快汽轮机的木质外壳承受不住强大的压力,在接缝处爆炸开来。好在赵志宽为了保证安全将蒸气室的砖墙设计成了五层砖的厚度,这样高速喷射的碎片才没有四处飞溅伤到人。
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