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正文 第14章 墩军(第2页/共3页)

bsp; 聊将斛卖办科差,颗粒何曾入空釜。

官逋私债还未足,又见散银来籴谷。

揭瓦偿,今年瓦尽兼折屋……

边军之苦,莫甚于墩军。

墩军,驻守在烽火台。

墩台多在荒郊野外,高三四丈,上下皆用软梯。每墩以五人居之,若无水之处,则修水窖一所,冬蓄冰,夏藏水。

墩军与夜不收并称为两大苦役。

墩军之苦,根源来自内与外,而内甚于外。

在外部方面,并不是时时刻刻要面对敌人威胁。尤其是二三线墩台,几十年无战事。

内部因素则不然。

按照制度,守墩士卒多半为卫所正军,数月轮番一次。但从明中叶起,墩军未得轮替已成常态。

有手艺的士兵,可以被安排至将领或权贵家中,免去上墩之苦;有钱财的可以贿赂上官,买到不危险的腹里或边内墩台,甚至不用上墩,在家睡大觉。

而穷光蛋小兵,只能长年累月在墩台上站岗,老死在烽火台。

所以墩军逃亡甚多。

后来朝廷又征发罪犯当墩军。

可是真要有紧急军情出现,能指望罪犯给你示警?人家早撂挑子跑了。

前些年“有虏入,避不举炮传烽,虏出方虚张声势以掩耳日者。如前延安入犯时,烽火未传至镇,而声息已闻遍省,有速于传火者乎?每每迟之,是皆因守墩原无人……”

全省都知道蒙古人入寇了,可是各地一处烽火狼烟都没燃起,没人报信。

罪犯靠不住。之后,不是冲要地方的墩军开始征发当地老百姓。

“冬则男子瞭高,夏则妇人应数。”

男人要去干活挣钱养家糊口,哪有空守墩台。

墩军原本有月粮,可是这年头谁给你发。好不容易下拨一次,还有什么火把钱、坐月钱、空闲钱、节礼钱等等名目来克扣。

至于过冬衣物,“……缘边守瞭旗军,旧给皮袄、皮帽,年久破坏,请再给。”

官员建议每两年赏给延绥镇墩军皮袄一件。皇帝原则上同意:“榆林守墩官军并逻卒见在御寇効力,命镇守巡抚官察其勤苦者,特与赏劳,不为常例。”

结果只是择要赏给,未成定例。

普通小卒十年都不见得能给发一次过冬衣物。

之前毕懋康曾奉勅阅视延绥、固原二镇,亦提到守墩之苦。

都知道苦,那老百姓也要跑路。

所以又有了拖家带口守墩。

”……草屋数间,使其父母、妻子俱生于斯、聚于斯、葬于斯。一切歌诀烽事,童而习之,丝毫无差。一旦闻警,照歌分传,庶不误事……”

“不但守边,兼亦自防其家,杜脱逃旷离之弊。”

墩户以墩院为家,在周围开啃荒地,拖家带口的也不容易逃跑,守到老死为止。

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