正文 第四十五章 导弹与炮弹(下)(第1页/共3页)
把炮弹当作导弹来打,这个命题看似荒诞无稽,但从技术上来说,却是完全可行的。
这个时代的火炮口径要远大于后世,如305毫米口径,234毫米口径的炮弹,实际和后世的小型导弹差不多大,像鹰击83导弹的弹径是360毫米,襄阳舰、怀化舰装配的海红旗7导弹的弹径只有156毫米,仅从形状上说,炮弹、导弹并没有什么区别。
而这个时代火炮的初始速度一般为700-750米/秒,约合22-23马赫,未端速度大约是500-550米/秒,约合15-16马赫,而鹰击83是亚音速反舰导弹,未端速度约为13马赫;而一般超音速导弹的速度为2马赫,未端速度约为3-4马赫,因此从速度上来说也相差不远。而火炮的弹道较为平缓,也可以看作是掠海飞行的导弹,这么看来,把这个时代的大口径炮弹视为导弹,从理论上来说是完全说得过去的。
当然,两者也是有明显的差别,一般发射导弹的位置都较远,至少是百里以上,而相控阵雷达的监控范围极广,可以达到四百到五百公里,因此可以预先发现导弹,给舰队的反导争取到足够的时间;而现在双方的距离只有十公里左右,这个时代的炮弹速度,飞行完这段距离,大约是15-20秒的时间,那么留给舰队的反导时间并不多。
不过一般来说,现代防空型的军舰的防空反导体系分为四个层次,昆明舰就是一个典型:
第一层为远程防空,距离40-150公里,甚致更远;由海红旗9完成,一般要拦截下五到六成的导弹;
第二层为中程防空,距离20-40公里,由海红旗16完成,再拦截下剩余导弹的五到六成;
第三层为近程防空,距离5-15公里,由海红旗10完成,拦截前两层防空之后剩余的导弹;
第四层为近距防御,距离5公里以内,由近防炮完成,拦截最后的漏网之鱼;
要在十公里左右的距离拦截炮弹,前二层防空反导体系显然是用不上的,只能靠后二层防空反导体系,而主要还是近距防御,而穿越舰队的毎艘军舰上都配有射速极快的近防炮,以密集的火力近距离拦截导弹。
昆明舰上装配了一门h/pj-7型7管30毫米防空炮(简称730近防炮),射速:1200-5800发/分钟,射程:对导弹2500米,对飞机3500米。
岳阳舰、三亚舰由于是只装配了海红旗16中程防空导弹,而且沒有装配远程、近程防空导弹,因此的配备的近防武器是威力更强大的h/pj-11型11管30毫米舰炮,可以一次能够锁定40多个目标,最大火力可以达到11000发/分钟,同时配有雷达、光学、红外线追踪系统,在软件的控制下,可以自动向来袭目标射击,构成了舰艇最后一道防线。而在穿越舰队中,可以做为近距防御的主力。
襄阳舰、怀化舰由于舰龄较长,武器也较
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