正文 88刘贺即位(第1页/共3页)
话说霍光既诛上官桀等,朝政一清,霍光得到汉昭帝的全面信任,但自己独掌国事需人助理。同朝一班旧臣又死亡略尽,看来看去只有光禄勋张安世为人谨厚,遂请昭帝拜安世为右将军兼光禄勋,帮理政务。又拜杜延年为太仆。
张安世字子孺,即张汤之子。张汤既死,武帝甚为悼惜,乃用安世为郎。武帝尝出巡河东,随带书籍于路失去三箧。武帝下诏寻求,一面遍问从臣,失去之书所载何事?众人皆茫然不知,便记得一二,其余也就遗忘。惟有张安世平日遇事留心,而且记性甚好,竟将书中所记之事默写出来,武帝甚喜。后经官吏悬出赏格寻获所失之书。武帝将安世所记与原书校对,并无遗落,由此武帝大加赏识。
杜延年字幼公,乃杜周之子,尝劝霍光修文帝之政,力行恭俭,霍光听从其言。霍光见上官桀同受顾命尚且谋反,何况他人,因此主持刑罚一切从严。延年常设法补救济之以宽,于是众人皆称其贤。张汤、杜周都是酷吏,偏生出安世、延年二人,也算难得。
元凤四年,昭帝年已十八,提早举行冠礼,大将军霍光以下一律入贺,只有丞相田千秋患病甚重不能到来。田千秋为相十二年,持重老成,尚算良相。昭帝因他年老,赐乘小车入朝,时人便叫他车丞相。
及冠礼告成,田千秋当即谢世,谥定侯。
孟春过后便是仲春,天空中忽现一星,体大如月向西飞去,后有众小星随行,时在早晨万目共睹,大家都惊为异事。当时昭帝年仅二十一,身体时觉不安。霍光见昭帝多病心中忧虑,意欲皇后得宠生子。侍医说帝病须节欲静养,后宫之人不得进幸。
到了夏四月某日,昭帝便秘久蹲御厕,侍从静侯门外。忽地昭帝一声闷叫,只听得倒地之声。众人急呼不应斗胆破门,见昭帝扑于地上。众人急报太医。太医说昭帝的死因是因为蹲厕所太久,突然站起来导致脑充血而死。因为蹲厕而死说出去太不体面,因此太医们另觅托辞以禀皇后。
昭帝综计在位十三年,改元三次,上官皇后止十五岁,未曾生育,此外还有两三个妃嫔,也不闻产下一男。
自大将军霍光以下都以为继立无人,大费踌躇。或言昭帝无子,只好再立武帝遗胤,幸有广陵王刘胥是武帝亲子,可以继立。霍光心想刘胥平日所为不法,所以先帝不立为嗣。今奉为天子有违先帝之意,且恐即位之后愈加放纵,但若执定不肯,又恐大众疑我别有私意。霍光迟疑不决。旁有郎官得知霍光意思,便上书道:“昔日周文王弃伯邑考立武王,只要付托得人,不必拘定长幼。广陵王素为无道,万不可立。”霍光见书正中其意,即日擢此郎官为九江太守。
霍光决意不立刘胥,另想应立的宗支,可是老大刘据犯罪之身,而且他儿子也去世了老二很早薨逝,还绝了后老三燕王造反,被杀
老四就爱跟猛兽玩,也有野心老五去世好多年了。选来选去,只有选了老五的儿子刘贺继位。
刘贺乃昌邑哀王刘髆之子,刘髆系李夫人所生。刘贺为武帝孙,立之为帝可谓名正言顺。况昭帝在位十余年不可无后,刘贺与昭帝有叔侄谊,以侄承叔更好作为继子。于是假上官皇后命令,特派少府史乐成,宗正刘德,光禄大夫丙吉,中郎将利汉等往迎昌邑王刘贺。霍光还有一种微意,立刘贺为君,外孙女可做皇太后了。
却说刘贺五岁时嗣立为王,在国已有十三年。他是一个狂纵无度的
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