正文 第10章 奉天讲武堂(第1页/共3页)
对张汉卿而言,不但自己,就是乃爸二十七师的官兵们也甚少受到系统的军事培训,这对一支立志于撑起东北一片天、并伺机壮大的军队来说是非常不能接受的。另外,没有带过兵的军官,是不合格的;没有受过合格训练的军官的指挥,在战场上就是对军人的犯罪。
在这个意义上,他要建军校。
而东北本来就有军校,那就是著名的东北讲武堂,它在中国的军校史上也非常著名,与云南讲武堂、保定陆军军官学校以及后来的黄埔军官学校并列为当时中国的四大军官学校。
1907年8月,东三省总督徐世昌遵照清政|府兵部奏定“各省应在省垣设立讲武堂,作为带兵者研究武学之所”,遂借用奉天陆军小学堂房舍(大北关老将军府院内)最终设立东三省讲武堂。1908年10月移至奉天省城小东边门外,校名始为东三省讲武堂普通科,又改为陆军讲武堂选拔巡防营优秀军官入堂培训,学期一年。辛亥革命后停办。
这个军校在1912年的时候,因为张作霖的巡防营改为陆军师,张为整顿军队,又继续开办,名为陆军二十七师随营讲堂,分为军官团和军士团,1915年因中日交涉再次停办。要再次开办,需追溯到历史上的1918年末,张作霖就任东三省巡阅使后。当时张作霖为了在东北进一步称霸,大肆扩军。但是奉军的老班底大部分出自绿林,没有受过正规教育,既无政治远见,又无军事素养,打仗时仅凭一股子蛮劲。为了解决军官不足问题,雄心勃勃的张作霖认识到:要想称霸天下,必须培养军事人才。针对奉军“冲锋对垒勇敢有余,决策理论指挥不足”的现实情况,张作霖才重开讲武堂。
不过真正落到纸面上要到1919年3月,在原东三省讲武堂原址重新开办讲武堂,校名定为东三省陆军讲武堂,隶属东三省巡阅使署,先后举办八期。作为奉系军阀的军官学校,奉系军队的高、中级军官基本都经过它的培训。它在提高奉军的战斗力,促进奉系军阀的形成和发展过程中,起过重要的作用。
奉天讲武堂原来就是东三省最高的职业军官培训场所。后来东三省讲武堂的教官,都是在军队中有一技之长的人物,各有特色。像吴俊升精通骑兵作战之法,张作相在步炮联合方面颇有所长,以及姜登选的步兵操练等等,在当时军界都是有名的。
在可预见的将来,父亲麾下的军队起来越多,如何很快完成对军队战斗力和指挥能力的提升?答案是教育和培训。三年后再开?时不我待。所以张汉卿积极游说张作霖尽快重新恢复奉天讲武堂的开立,他向张作霖说:“父亲既然知道讲武堂的好处,为什么不越快开办越好?”
张作霖被儿子一鼓动,心里痒痒的,但是面露难色:“现在省城人心思动,外有那人堵心,老袁在这时候还同时恩封许、孟,不就是防着我吗。现有一个二十七师的供给上已经吃力,我是有心但无力啊。”
&nb
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